religion

The Irony of Socrates’ Daimonion: How Humanists and Atheists Celebrate Socrates but Ignore His Inner Voice — And What It Has in Common with the Holy Spirit

⸻ Introduction: The Philosopher Who Heard Voices ‍ In the pantheon of intellectual heroes 🤓celebrated by secular humanists, atheists, and self-proclaimed rationalists, Socrates stands near the top — a paragon of critical thinking, relentless questioning, and bold defiance against blind faith. He is the man who drank the hemlock rather than surrender his commitment to […]

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A West African Explanation of Vodún, also known as Voodoo—debunking myths and explaining its proper historical context

First Principles Vodún or vodúnsínsen is an African traditional religion practiced by the Aja, Ewe, and Fon peoples of Benin, Togo, Ghana, and Nigeria. Vodún teaches the existence of a supreme creator divinity (Mawu), under whom are lesser spirits called vodúns. Many of these deities are associated with specific areas. In an explanation I read

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Exploring African Ethical Systems: Common Values Across Diverse Cultures

In a recent experiment aimed at dispelling the misconception of Africa as a monolithic entity, I discovered that justice, morality, and character hold significant importance across various African traditional ethical systems, regardless of one’s religious affiliation. The experiment sought to shed light on the rich tapestry of ethical codes present in Africa. Before colonization, many

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Origin of the Fulani (also called the Fula, Fulbe, Peuls) of West Africa (4th millennium BC to Present)

The Fulani people, numbering about 38 million, are found mostly in the western part of Africa. They are also known as the Fulbe or Peuls and in the Middle Ages (covering the 5th to the 15th century of the Common Era) were very reliant on cattle herding. The Fulani people trace their origin far back

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Twelve Ways Africa Used Art

Africa’s indulgence in art predates history. Tens of thousands of years ago they were the first humans to create works of art (see Africa’s inventions: art and paints). Until the renaissance which coincided with European contact and more intensive trade with Africa, Africa’s artworks were traditionally and intentionally created to serve purposes, and not necessarily

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Africa’s Diversity

INTRODUCTION Africa, the second largest continent in the world and second most populous continent on earth, is blessed in manifold ways; in language, culture, art, monuments, vegetation, religious ideas, physical quality, natural resources, and many more areas. Though there have been many concepts and definitions regarding the idea of diversity, the indigenous ideas of Africans

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The Mossi Kingdoms

The Mossi kingdoms were a group of twenty states and kingdoms in Africa that lasted from around the 11th century to the 19th century. It was surrounded by the Mali Empire to the West and the kingdom of Songhai to the North. Despite long-standing battles within the Mossi kingdom and with the stronger Songhai & Mali kingdoms, the Mossi states largely retained their independence until the arrival of the French upon its shores in 1896. Uniquely the Mossi kingdoms did not majorly participate in the Transatlantic Slave Trade. The Mossi had similar concepts to Europe (for instance to the United Kingdom’s Prince of Wales title). The sons of the ruler were given provincial responsibilities as Dimas. There were positions among noblemen for Commerce, the Military and Industry.

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