cities

Reconstruction of Kerma

Debunking the Myth: Why Claims That Africa Had No Civilizations Lack Both Academic and Moral Merit

One of the most persistent and unfounded myths about Africa is the claim that it had no civilizations before European contact. This narrative is not only historically inaccurate, but it is also morally bankrupt, as it seeks to erase the achievements of millions of people and justify colonial exploitation. The timeline provided offers clear archaeological […]

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makoko floating pyramids

Makoko floating system: new architecture from Nigeria

Makoko Floating System With the rising of unpredictable climate transitions, fascinating design strategies of have evolved to cope with such transitions. The innovative design tactics involve observing the stability and adaptation of coastal communities in different populations around the world. In the Lagos lagoon of Nigeria, Africa, the coastal city of Makoko, was being treated

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Kingdom of Warsangali (1218-1886AD) : spotlight on Middle Ages African global trade hub

The word “Warsangali,” in the Somali language, means “bringer of good news.” The Warsangali kingdom (Arabic: سلطنة الورسنجلي‎, Somali: Saldanadda Warsangeli) was a mighty kingdom in the North-Eastern and South-Eastern regions of Somalia including Kismayo. The kingdom was founded in northern Somalia, in 1218, by a group of Somalis from the Warsangali branch of the

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